There are two steps required to get a translation from weblate into the jar file.
For one, the changes made in weblate need to be committed to git (ending up here). All which is required for that to happen is an admin pressing the respective button in weblate (which I just did). This should be sufficient for the translations to show up ingame, provided there's an internet connection available when it is started.
The second step is updating which version of above git is linked in the ReplayMod source tree (and as such ends up in the jar file). I usually do that before every release but forgot to do it last time.